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| Name | What is electron affinity? | Chemistry | Extraclass.com |
| Video Uploader | Video From Extraclass Official |
| Upload Date | This Video Uploaded At 10-04-2020 12:45:02 |
| Video Discription | Watch More Videos @ http://bit.ly/extraclassapp, http://extraclass.com/ This video will help you to learn What is electron affinity? What is electron affinity? Electron affinity is the change in energy that occurs when a neutral atom in the gaseous phase gains an electron and releases energy in the process. In simple terms, it is the likelihood of a neutral atom to gain an electron. As we know that an electron carries a negative charge, so when a neutral atom gains an electron, it changes into a negative ion. Since the release of energy is an exothermic process, therefore the change in energy has a negative sign which means that the electron affinity is positive. On the basis of this sign convention, we must remember that higher electron affinity indicates the stronger capability of an atom to easily accept electrons. Or we can say that an atom with a lower electron affinity will not accept electrons as easily. There are two types of electron affinities, we must learn about first electron affinity and second electron affinity First Electron Affinity is the energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom. And second electron affinity is the energy released when an electron is added to a negative ion the second electron affinity is positive because more energy is required to add an electron to a negative ion as compared to a neutral atom For example, the first electron affinity of oxygen is minus 142-kilo joules per mole while second electron affinity is plus 844-kilo joules per mole As we know that Ionization energies are always concerned with the formation of positive ions. Electron affinities are the negative ion equivalent of ionization energy and their use is almost always confined to elements in groups 16 and 17 of the Periodic Table. Factors Affecting Electron Affinity Electron affinity of an element depends on • The extent of nuclear charge • Size of the atom • Stability of valence shell electronic configuration Effective Nuclear charge Nuclear charge is also synonymous to the atomic number, which is equal to the number of protons present in the nucleus Protons are positive subatomic particles. higher the number of protons in atoms, the greater is the attractive force applied on electrons and higher is the electron affinity Atomic size of Atomic Radius When the size or radius of an atom increases, the electron entering the outermost orbit is more weakly attracted by the nucleus and the value of electron affinity is lower. That means the electron affinity is higher for smaller atoms. Also, the Shielding effect is directly proportional to atomic size and atomic size is inversely proportional to electron affinity. Electronic Configuration Adding electrons to atoms with stable electronic configuration is difficult than adding to atoms with unstable electronic configuration The stability of the configuration having fully-filled orbitals (p6, d10, f14) and half-filled orbital (p3, d5, f7) is relatively higher than that of other configurations, Thanks for watching Download Extraclass.com app: - Play Store: http://bit.ly/extraclassapp Follow us on our social media handles to stay updated. Website – https://www.extraclass.com/ Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/extraclassofficial Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/extraclassofficial Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/extraclass Twitter - https://twitter.com/extraclass_com Happy Learning!! “Thanks for watching”. #Extraclass #electronaffinity #chemistry #cbse #neet #jee FSrzGcrZP58 |
| Category | Education |
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