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Formula one would look way different today If Derek Gardner's Project 34, which involved a 6-wheel F1 car, had received more support from the world of motor racing. While the Tyrrell P34 car generated headlines in the mid-1970s, it ultimately did not receive the backing necessary to become a regular presence in the sport. But that doesn’t make the car, and the history behind it less cool. Here is a brief overview of the car's origins, its short-lived success, and its untimely demise.
It all stated In the late 1960s, Derek Gardner, a car designer, was looking for ways to make IndyCar machines more drivable in the Gas Turbine era. He came up with the idea of fitting a racing car with four wheels in the front, which would improve the car's stability when pushing the gas pedal. However, the idea was not initially picked up by the North American racing body, as the powerful gas turbine Indy cars were soon prohibited in the USAC.
Several years later, Gardner was working as chief car designer for Elf-Tyrrell Racing, and he decided to revisit his idea. This time, however, the 6-wheeler design was aimed at improving the car's speed in a straight line rather than providing better stability after exiting corners, as initially planned in the IndyCar.
You see at the time F1 teams were in a constant battle to find extra power for their cars. So when Derek Gardner approached Ken Tyrrell with his innovative design for an F1 car with four smaller wheels in the front and two regular wheels in the rear, he believed that it would reduce lift on the track, improving the car's straight-line performance. While other cars relied on larger front wings to counteract lift, the six-wheeled car would be able to use a narrower wing. Now Tyrrell saw the potential in Gardner's design. And He quickly put the idea into production, creating the prototype known as the “Tyrrell P34.” Although the car initially had aerodynamic problems during testing, Gardner eventually resolved these issues. However, the car still faced another challenge, namely intense front tire wear.
The cause of the tire wear was quite obvious, as the front tires were only 62.5% of the rear tires' diameter, meaning they had to travel approximately 1.6 times faster than the rear ones. Both Tyrrell drivers – Patrick Depailler and Jody Scheckter – had to adapt their driving styles to the higher front end and smaller front wheels fitted to the P34. They were having difficulties positioning their car in corners, which led to the famous “port holes” in the cockpit side. This way, the drivers were able to keep an eye on their tires continuously, with the overall view also helping them evaluate their car's position in corners at any time. Pretty crazy.
After its initial setbacks, the Tyrrell P34 finally made its Formula 1 competition debut at the 1976 Spanish Grand Prix, with driver Depailler managing to achieve the third fastest time in qualifying. From the following race in Belgium, both drivers were given the P34 to race, and the results were impressive. Scheckter secured the P34's first and only win in Formula 1 during the Swedish Grand Prix at Anderstorp, after qualifying in pole position, with Depailler finishing right behind him in second place. Giving them a 1,2 finish
Unfortunately, due to the poor development of the front tires, the upcoming months would prove the last successful ones for the Tyrrell P34 in Formula One. Goodyear had no interest in further developing 10” tires, considering they where the only one who actually used it, making the tire wear problem impossible to tackle. In addition, the fact that the front tires were traveling at a higher speed than the rear ones also led to a higher level of heat from the brakes. Finding the best solution to cool the front brakes was also a close-to-impossible job for the Tyrrell outfit.
All in all, the P34 ended the 1976 season with an overall one win, eight additional podiums, and two fastest laps. Scheckter eventually finished 3rd in the overall classification, while Tyrrell also ended their maiden P34 campaign in 3rd place.
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