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The Rocca Viscontea is a medieval castle located in the Italian municipality of Castell'Arquato, in the province of Piacenza. Located in the upper part of the town, it dominates the lower Val d'Arda, near the mouth of the Arda torrent into the Po Valley, from a height of 224 m above sea level. It is part of the Association of Castles of the Duchy of Parma, Piacenza and Pontremoli circuit. Although according to the chronicler Locati its construction began in 1347, the fortress was, more likely, built by will of the municipality of Piacenza starting from 1342 in the place where a pre-existing structure of Roman origin called Castrum Quadratum stood. The beginning of the construction is testified by a deed dating back to 14 July 1342 and forming part of the Registrum magnum of the municipality of Piacenza, in which the notary Gabriele da Caverzago registered the Pacta Roche Castri Arquati which accurately describe the agreements, the prices, the workers employed, the list of houses purchased and demolished to make room for construction, under the guidance of the engineer Obertino Domezzano. The construction was finally completed in 1349 under the lord of Milan Luchino Visconti who two years earlier had had some changes made to the original project with the demolition of some buildings adjacent to the fortress, some of which were located near the church of Santa Maria and the construction of the 42 m high keep. In 1404 the fortress, at the time held by Borromeo Borromei, was conquered by Francesco and Giovanni Scotti, who then also managed to obtain the investiture of the town and the title of counts. Unlike other castles, the fortress maintained a purely military function over the years, without undergoing any conversion work into a noble residence. Subsequently, from the 19th century until the 1960s, the fortress was used as a district prison. The building was restored in the second half of the twentieth century; further restorations, including the waterproofing of the terraces located at the top of the towers, were started at the end of 2020. The fortress, which presents typical elements of the architecture of the Scaliger area, is made entirely of terracotta and has an L-shaped structure with two series of fortifications connected to each other and characterized by Ghibelline battlements: the lower wall , of rectangular shape, built on two levels, and the upper wall, of smaller dimensions[5]: in the first the soldiers were stationed and, in case of attacks, it served as a refuge for the inhabitants of the village, in the second, instead , the garrison command was located. At the corners of the perimeter walls there is the presence of four square-shaped towers with battlements, one of which, the one on the east side, preserves the original structure intact. The main entrance, subsequently walled up, was located at the base of the keep and has a bridge spanning the moat, originally crossed with a drawbridge. There is also a secondary entrance on the north side which shows signs of the original drawbridge and which remained the only access following the bricking of the main entrance. The keep, 42 m high, contains a series of superimposed rooms, accessible via a staircase partly in masonry and partly in wood which leads up to the top of the tower. gs7OvfCuQA8 |